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Agricultural Drones Can't Be Rushed

  2021-04-06

introduce:From the vast black land in the northeast to the terraced fields in the southwest, the drone that humms spraying pesticides during the rush season has become a microcosm of modern agriculture. In recent years, drone have made an appearance in the agricult


From the vast black land in the northeast to the terraced fields in the southwest, the drone that humms spraying pesticides during the rush season has become a microcosm of modern agriculture. In recent years, drone have made an appearance in the agricultural field and become a "magic weapon" for farmers to reduce labor intensity and improve operation efficiency. However, in the process of development, the quality of products is also exposed, the lack of regulatory protection, the lack of supporting talents and other problems, and it is urgent to establish a mature and standardized ecosystem.
The application prospect of agriculture "generalist" is broad

At present, drones are most widely used to apply medicine to farmland. Compared with the traditional man-borne spraying operation, the UAV spraying operation is not limited by the terrain, with high operation efficiency, low labor intensity, water saving and drug saving. Besides, it is safer due to the separation of man-machine and man-drug. Some specialized agricultural plant protection companies responded to the situation by sending "flying hands" to operate drones to apply drugs according to the needs of farmers.

Shi Yufeng, head of Weinan Lvsheng Agricultural Science and Technology Co., Ltd., told reporters that the company has 47 drones covering the whole province and will provide plant protection services on an area of 680,000 mu by 2020.

Huangfujun, a farmer in Yaohe Town, Baishui County, Weinan City, Shaanxi Province, whose family owns more than 20 mu of apple forest, commissioned agricultural plant protection companies to use drones in 2017. "Charging only about 10 yuan per mu of land, more than 20 mu of apple forests can be cleared in no time. It costs less, beats faster and has better effects than before." Huangfu Jun said.

In addition to field application, plant protection drones can also monitor agricultural conditions and estimate yields. Tianyi unmanned aerial vehicle company responsible person introduced, carrying multi-spectral sensor unmanned aerial vehicle can accurately collect data, draw "prescription map", timely reflect the growth of crops, diseases and insect pests, not only can be targeted to spray pesticides, prevent diseases and insect pests, but also through the collected data to estimate crop yield. In addition, uavs have also been used in agricultural production links such as sowing and fertilization. For example, UAS can be used for direct seeding of rice in rice planting, direct seeding of grass seed in desertification treatment, and fertilizer such as water and fertilizer pellet can also be used for fertilization.

The promotion encountered obstacles and needed to be remedied

Product performance is insufficient and efficiency needs to be improved. He Xiongkui, director of the Research Center of Pharmaceutical Equipment and Drug Application Technology at China Agricultural University, believes that the current UAV has a small load and a weak endurance, and it needs to frequently add water, dosing and battery, which limits its operational efficiency. At the same time, due to the light weight and small particle size of the pesticide applied by the UAV, it is easy for the pesticide to drift under the influence of the weather, which will affect the sensitive crops near the operating farmland and even cause environmental pollution. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the accuracy of the operation of the UAV.

Lack of unified standards, quality is uneven. Su Guangyuan, deputy head of Shaanxi Agricultural Machinery Identification and Promotion General Station, said that there are many kinds of unmanned aerial vehicles on the market. There are thousands of domestic enterprises developing and producing unmanned aerial vehicles. Each enterprise uses different model standards, which leads to the mismatch of the fuselage and parts produced by different manufacturers, resulting in a waste of resources. Moreover, due to the lack of unified production standards and mature testing and identification system, the quality of UAV products is uneven, which not only affects the operation effect, but also increases the safety risks.

Insufficient supervision and guarantee, limited development and utilization. According to the relevant person in charge of the General Aviation Department of the Northwest Regional Administration of Civil Aviation of China, the activity range of agricultural UAV is mainly in the low-altitude airspace, and the low-altitude airspace has not yet formed an effective safety supervision network and airspace guarantee service system for UAV. The enterprises that have obtained the operation license of unmanned aerial vehicles still face more complicated procedures in flight plans and airspace applications.

Wang Xizhu, a postdoctoral fellow at Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics Law School, believes that the lack of rights protection and unclear liability rules in the use of low-altitude airspace put UAV operators at uncertain legal risks. The problem of noise and pesticide drift caused by its flight operation cannot be solved in time, which will also reduce the public's acceptance of UAV technology.

Establish a mature and standardized ecological system

In view of the prominent problems faced by the development of agricultural UAV, it is necessary to increase the support for technical innovation. The government should encourage enterprises and scientific research institutions to increase investment in optimizing UAV design and research and development, further improve the operational efficiency of UAV, and expand the application fields of UAV in agriculture. At the same time, help research institutions to research results into the market as soon as possible.

We will promote the construction of a standard system and improve technical standards for the design, production and manufacturing of agricultural UAVs. It has formulated management norms for UAV flight operations, established a qualification certification system for UAV operators and operators, as well as relevant regulations on UAV operation effect evaluation and environmental risk assessment.

We will strengthen legal safeguards and focus on supervision and services. Relevant laws and regulations shall be improved, and a supervision network for UAV activities shall be established with the use of advanced technological means, so as to clarify the rights protection routes and liability rules for UAV operators. Simplifying the application procedures in flight planning and airspace use, promoting the construction of airspace service guarantee system, and gradually promoting the development and utilization of low-altitude airspace resources.

Pay attention to personnel training, strengthen publicity and guidance. The training, intermediary, insurance and other social service systems of UAV operators should be improved to cultivate more complex agricultural professionals who not only understand UAV technology, but also have agricultural production knowledge. Strengthen the construction of agricultural science and technology promotion team, strengthen publicity and guidance, and enhance the recognition and acceptance of UAV technology in the society.

once the UAV industry forms a mature and standardized ecosystem, it will have a promising future in the agricultural field. He Xiongkui said that looking to the future, the sensing technology and unmanned driving technology contained in the UAV can be applied in all aspects of agricultural production, and the "unmanned farm" with the whole process of "farming, planting, management and collection" can be built. It can even be combined with the sales and transportation of agricultural products to truly realize the green and efficient industry of the whole chain

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